Sahih Muslim: The Book of Wills
1
Chapter: Bequeathing One-Third
Amir b. Sa'd reported on the authority of his father (Sa'd b. Abi Waqqas):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) visited me in my illness which brought me near death in the year of Hajjat-ul-Wada' (Farewell Pilgrimage). I said: Allah's Messenger, you can well see the pain with which I am afflicted and I am a man possessing wealth, and there is none to inherit me except only one daughter. Should I give two-thirds of my property as Sadaqa? He said: No. I said: Should I give half (of my property) as Sadaqa? He said: No. He (further) said: Give one-third (in charity) and that is quite enough. To leave your heirs rich is better than to leave them poor, begging from people; that you would never incur an expense seeking therewith the pleasure of Allah, but you would be rewarded therefor, even for a morsel of food that you put in the mouth of your wife. I said: Allah's Messenger. would I survive my companions? He (the Holy Prophet) said: If you survive them, then do such a deed by means of which you seek the pleasure of Allah, but you would increase in your status (in religion) and prestige; you may survive so that people would benefit from you, and others would be harmed by you. (The Holy Prophet) further said: Allah, complete for my Companions their migration, and not cause them to turn back upon their heels. Sa'd b. Khaula is, however, unfortunate. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) felt grief for him as he had died in Mecca.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628a |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 6 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3991 |
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This hadith is narrated on the authority of Zuhri with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628b |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 7 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3992 |
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'Amir b. Sa'd reported from S'ad (b. Abu Waqqas):
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) visited me to inquire after my health, the rest of the hadith is the same as transmitted on the authority of Zuhri, but lie did not make mention of the words of Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) in regard to Sa'd b. Khaula except this that he said:" He (the Holy Prophet) did not like death in the land from which lie had migrated."
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628c |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 8 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3993 |
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Mus'ab b. Sa'd reported on the authority of his father. I was ailing. I sent message to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) saying:
Permit me to give away my property as I like. He refused. I (again) said: (Permit me) to give away half. He (again refused). I (again said): Then one-third. He (the Holy Prophet) observed silence after (I had asked permission to give away) one-third. He (the narrater) said: It was then that endowment of one-third became permissible.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628d |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 9 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3994 |
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This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Simak with the same chain of transmitters. But he did not mention:
" It was then that one-third became permissible."
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628e |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 10 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3995 |
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Ibn Sa'd reported his father as saying:
Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) visited me during my illness. I said: I am willing away the whole of my property. He said: No. I said: Then half? He said: No. I said: Should I will away one-third? He said: Yes, and even one-third is enough.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628f |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 11 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3996 |
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Humaid b. 'Abd al-Rahman al-Himyari reported from three of the sons of Sa'd all of whom reported from their father that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) visited Sa'd as he was ill in Mecca. He (Sa'd) wept. He (the Holy Prophet) said:
What makes you weep? He said: I am afraid I may die in the land from where I migrated as Sa'd b. Khaula had died. Thereupon Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: O Allah, grant health to Sa'd. O Allah, grant health to Sad. He repeated it three times. He (Sa'd) said: Allah's Messenger, I own a large property and I have only one daughter as my inheritor. Should I not will away the whole of my property? He (the Holy Prophet) said: No. He said: (Should I not will away, ) two-thirds of the property? he (the Holy Prophet) said: No. He (Sa'd) (again) said: (Should I not will away) half (of my property)? He said: No. He (Sa'd) said: Then one-third? Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: (Yes), one-third, and one-third is quite substanial. And what you spend as charity from your property is Sadaqa and flour spending on your family is also Sadaqa, and what your wife eats from your property is also Sadaqa, and that you leave your heirs well off (or he said: prospreous) is better than to leave them (poor and) begging from people. He (the Holy Prophet) pointed this with his hands.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628g |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 12 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3997 |
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Humaid b. Abd al-Rahmin al-Himayri reported on the authority of the three of the sons of Sa'd:
They said: Sa'd fell ill in Mecca. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) visited him to inquire after his health. The rest of the hadith is the same.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628h |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 13 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3998 |
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Humaid b. Abd al-Rahman reported this hadith on the authority of three of Sa'd's sons:
Sa'd fell ill in Mecca and Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) visited him. The rest of the hadith is the same.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1628i |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 14 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 3999 |
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Ibn 'Abbas (Allah be pleased with them) said:
(I wish) if people would reduce from third to fourth (part for making a will of their property), for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: So far as the third (part) is concerned it is quite substantial. In the hadith transmitted on the authority of Waki (the words are)" large" or" much".
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1629 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 15 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4000 |
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2
Chapter: The Reward For Charity Reaches The Deceased
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported that a person said to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ):
My father died and left behind property without making any will regarding it. Would he be relieved of the burden of his sins if I give sadaqa on his behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1630 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 16 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4001 |
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A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that a man said to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ):
My mother died all of a sudden, and I think if she (could have the opportunity) to speak she would have (made a will) regarding Sadaqa'. Will I be entitled to reward if I give charity on her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1004c |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 17 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4002 |
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A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that a man came to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and said:
Allah's Messenger, my mother died all of a sudden without making any will. I think if (she could have the opportunity) to speak she would have made a Sadaqa. Would there be any reward for her if I give charity on her behalf? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1004d |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 18 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4003 |
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This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Hisham b. 'Urwa with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1004e |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 19 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4004 |
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3
Chapter: What Reward Reaches A Man After His Death
Abu Huraira (Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying:
When a man dies, his acts come to an end, but three, recurring charity, or knowledge (by which people) benefit, or a pious son, who prays for him (for the deceased).
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1631 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 20 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4005 |
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4
Chapter: Waqf (Endowment)
Ibn Umar reported:
Umar acquired a land at Khaibar. He came to Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and sought his advice in regard to it. He said: Allah's Messenger, I have acquired land in Khaibar. I have never acquired property more valuable for me than this, so what do you command me to do with it? Thereupon he (Allah's Apostle) said: If you like, you may keep the corpus intact and give its produce as Sadaqa. So 'Umar gave it as Sadaqa declaring that property must not be sold or inherited or given away as gift. And Umar devoted it to the poor, to the nearest kin, and to the emancipation of slaves, aired in the way of Allah and guests. There is no sin for one, who administers it if he eats something from it in a reasonable manner, or if he feeds his friends and does not hoard up goods (for himself). He (the narrator) said: I narrated this hadith to Muhammad, but as I reached the (words)" without hoarding (for himself) out of it." he (Muhammad' said:" without storing the property with a view to becoming rich." Ibn 'Aun said: He who read this book (pertaining to Waqf) informed me that in it (the words are)" without storing the property with a view to becoming rich."
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1632a |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 21 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4006 |
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This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Ibn 'Aun with the same chain of transmitters up to the words:
" Or he may feed the friend withoiut hoarding from it" and he made no mention of what follows.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1632b |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 22 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4007 |
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'Umar reported:
I acquired land from the lands of Khaibar. I came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said: I have acquired a piece of land. Never have I acquired land more loved by me and more cherished by me than this. The rest of the hadith is the same, but he made no mention of this:" I narrated it to Muhammad" and what follows.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1633 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 23 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4008 |
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5
Chapter: Not Making A Will For One Who Has Nothing To Be Bequeathed
Talha b. Musarrif reported:
I asked 'Abdullah b. Abu Aufa whether Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had made any will (in regard to his property). He said: NO. I said: Then why has making of will been made necessary for the Muslims, or why were they commanded to make will? Thereupon he said: He made the will according to the Book of Allah, the Exalted and Majestic.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1634a |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 24 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4009 |
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This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Malik b. Mighwal with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of words. In the hadith related by Waki (the words are)" I said:
How the people have been ordered about the will" ; and in the hadith of Ibn Numair (the words are):" How the will has been prescribed for the Muslims, '.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1634b |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 25 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4010 |
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A'isha reported:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) left neither dinar nor dirham (wealth in the form of cash), nor goats (and sheep), nor camels. And he made no will about anything (in regard to his material possessions, as he had none),
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1635a |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 26 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4011 |
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This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'mash with the same chain of transmitters.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1635b |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 27 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4012 |
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Aswad b. Yazid reported:
It was mentioned before A'isha that will had been made (by the Holy Prophet) in favour of 'Ali (as the Prophet's first caliph), whereupon she said: When did he make will in his favour? I had been providing support to him (to the Holy Prophet) with my chest (or with my lap). He asked for a tray, when he fell in my lap (relaxing his body), and I did not realise that he had breathed his last. When did he make any will in his ('Ali's) favour?
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1636 |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 28 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4013 |
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Sa'id b. Jubair reported that Ibn 'Abbas said:
Thursday, (and then said): What is this Thursday? He then wept so much that his tears moistened the pebbles. I said: Ibn 'Abbas, what is (significant) about Thursday? He (Ibn 'Abbas) said: The illness of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) took a serious turn (on this day), and he said: Come to me, so that I should write for you a document that you may not go astray after me. They (the Companions around him) disputed, and it is not meet to dispute in the presence of the Apostle. They said: How is lie (Allah's Apostle)? Has he lost his consciousness? Try to learn from him (this point). He (the Holy Prophet) said: Leave me. I am better in the state (than the one in which you are engaged). I make a will about three things: Turn out the polytheists from the territory of Arabia; show hospitality to the (foreign) delegations as I used to show them hospitality. He (the narrator) said: He (Ibn Abbas) kept silent on the third point, or he (the narrator) said: But I forgot that.
This hadith was mentioned through another chain.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1637a |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 29 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4014 |
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Sa'id b. Jubair reported from Ibn Abbas that he said:
Thursday, and what about Thursday? Then tears began to flow until I saw them on his cheeks as it they were the strings of pearls. He (the narrator) said that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: Bring me a shoulder blade and ink-pot (or tablet and inkpot), so that I write for you a document (by following which) you would never go astray. They said: Allah's Messenger (may peace upon him) is in the state of unconsciousness.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1637b |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 30 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4015 |
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Ibn Abbas reported:
When Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) was about to leave this world, there were persons (around him) in his house, 'Umar b. al-Kbattab being one of them. Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) said: Come, I may write for you a document; you would not go astray after that. Thereupon Umar said: Verily Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) is deeply afflicted with pain. You have the Qur'an with you. The Book of Allah is sufficient for us. Those who were present in the house differed. Some of them said: Bring him (the writing material) so that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) may write a document for you and you would never go astray after him And some among them said what 'Umar had (already) said. When they indulged in nonsense and began to dispute in the presence of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), he said: Get up (and go away) 'Ubaidullah said: Ibn Abbas used to say: There was a heavy loss, indeed a heavy loss, that, due to their dispute and noise. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) could not write (or dictate) the document for them.
| Reference | : Sahih Muslim 1637c |
| In-book reference | : Book 25, Hadith 31 |
| USC-MSA web (English) reference | : Book 13, Hadith 4016 |
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