Bulugh al-Maram: Judgments
1
Chapter: Claims and Evidences
Narrated Zaid bin Khaled al-Juhani (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Shall I not inform you who is the best witness? He is the one who produces his testimony before he is asked for it." [Reported by Muslim].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1414 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 18 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1414 |
Narrated 'Imran bin Husain (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "Verily! The best of you (i.e. Muslims) are my generation, then their immediate followers, then their immediate followers. After them there will be people who will give (false) testimony without being asked (to testify), who will be treacherous and are not to be trusted, who will make vows and will not fulfill them, among whom obesity will appear." [Agreed upon].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1415 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 19 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1415 |
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "It is not permissible to accept the testimony of a man or a woman who does not fulfill their trusts, or of one who harbors a grudge against his brother, or the testimony of one who is dependent on a family (to testify) for members of the family." [Reported by Ahmad and Abu Dawud].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1416 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 20 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1416 |
Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA):
He heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say. "The testimony of a bedouin against a city dweller is not permissible." [Reported by Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1417 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 21 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1417 |
Narrated 'Umar bin al-Khattab (RA):
He addressed the people and said, "People were sometimes judged by the revealing of a Divine Revelation during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ), but now the Divine Revelation has been discontinued [i.e. there is no longer any new revelation coming]. Now we judge you by the deeds you practice publicly." [Reported by al-Bukhari].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1418 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 22 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1418 |
Narrated Abu Bakra (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) considered Shahadah az-Zur (giving false testimony) among the most serious of major sins. [al-Bukhari and Muslim reported it in a long Hadith].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1419 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 23 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1419 |
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) said to a man, "Do you see the sun?" He replied, "Yes." He said, "Give witness in a similar case [which is as clear as the sun], or leave it." [Ibn 'Adi reported it with a Da'if (weak) chain or narrators, and al-Hakim graded it Sahih (authentic), but he was mistaken].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1420 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 24 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1420 |
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ruled on the basis of an oath and a single witness. [Muslim, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i reported it, the latter said that it has a Jayyid (good) chain or narrators].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1421 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 25 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1421 |
Narrated Aby Hurairah (RA):
Something similar to the aforesaid Hadith. [Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi reported it. Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1422 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 26 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1422 |
2
Chapter: Cases and evidence
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "If people were given whatever they claimed (in disputes), some people would claim the lives and wealth of others; but the oath (of denial) must be taken by the defendant." [Agreed upon]. al-Baihaqi has reported with a Sahih (authentic) chain of narrators: "But the proof (Bayyinah) lies on the one who is making the claim, and the other (Yamin) must be taken by the one who rejects the claim."
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1423 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 27 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1423 |
Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) suggested to some people that they should take an oath (Yamin) and when they hastened to do so he ordered that lots should be cast among them concerning the oath, as to which of them should take it. [Reported by al-Bukhari].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1424 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 28 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1424 |
Narrated Abu Umamah al-Harithi (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said. "If anyone seized - by his oath - what rightly belongs to a Muslim, Allah has made the Hell-fire compulsory for him and forbidden for him the Paradise." A man asked, "O Allah's Messenger, even if it were something insignificant?" He replied, "Even if it were a stick from an Arak tree." [Reported by Muslim].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1425 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 29 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1425 |
Narrated al-Ash'ath bin Qais (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "If anyone swears a firm oath - knowingly, intentionally, taking by it property belonging to a Muslim, Allah will be angry with him when he meets Him (on the Day of Resurrection)." [Agreed upon].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1426 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 30 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1426 |
Narrated Abu Musa (RA):
Two men had a disputer over an animal, and neither of them had a proof. So Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) gave a ruling that it be divided in halves between them. [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i, and the wording is his (an-Nasa'i) who said that it's chain of narrators is Jayyid (good)].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1427 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 31 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1427 |
Narrated Jabir (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: "If anyone swears a false oath on this Minbar of mine, he will have prepared his seat in the Hell-Fire." [Reported by Ahmad, Abu Dawud and an-Nasa'i. Ibn Hibban graded it Sahih (authentic)].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1428 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 32 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1428 |
Narrated Abu Hurairah (RA):
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: "There are three to whom Allah will not speak to on the Day of Resurrection, not will He look at them, nor will He purify them, and they will have a painful punishment. (1) A man at a place with excess water in the desert and who withholds it from the travelers. (2) A man who sold a commodity to another person in the afternoon (or after the 'Asr prayer) and swore to him by Allah that he had bought it at such and such price and he (the buyer) believed him yet that was not the case. (3) And a man who pledged allegiance to an Imam only for the sake of the world (material gains). Hence, if the Imam bestowed on him something out of that (i.e. worldly riches) he stood by his pledge of allegiance, and if he did not give him, he did not fulfill the pledge of allegiance." [Agreed upon].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1429 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 33 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1429 |
Narrated Jabir (RA):
Two men disputed about a she-camel. Then, each of them said: this she-camel was born at my place, and each of them brought a proof (that it was his animal). Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) then ruled that it be taken by the one who had it in his possession.
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1430 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 34 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1430 |
Narrated Ibn 'Umar (RA):
The Prophet (ﷺ) re-directed al-Yamin (the oath to be sword by the defendant) to the one making the claim to some right. [ad-Daraqutni reported the two aforesaid Ahadith, and there is weakness in their chain of narrators].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1431 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 35 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1431 |
Narrated 'Aishah (RA):
One day the Prophet (ﷺ) came to me overjoyed, his face shining (from happiness) and said, "Did you not see that Mujazziz al-Mudliji (a physiognomist) looked at Zaid bin Harithah and Usama bin Zaid, and then said, 'These feet (of Zaid and Usama) are related to one another.'" [Agreed upon].
| Reference | : Bulugh al-Maram 1432 |
| In-book reference | : Book 14, Hadith 36 |
| English translation | : Book 14, Hadith 1432 |